The article is devoted to the study of the adaptation of the term market to the sphere of politics and the consideration of political parties as the most important attribute of the normative model of the political market. Modern parties have transformed into a political enterprise that produces an imitation of the representation of the interests of society, and they need to be analyzed as an element of the vertical of executive power with the possibility of participating in the selective distribution of power and material benefits. Due to their isolation from society, parties in their current form cannot be a means of consolidating the interests of the consumer of a political product and do not fit into the main guidelines of the functioning mechanism of the market.

The article examines the influence of Russia, the EU and the USA on the transformation of Ukrainian national identity after 2014. Events such as the “revolution of dignity” and the incorporation of the Crimean Peninsula to the Russian Federation prompted the political and scientific elites of Ukraine to rethink the national idea.
Despite the acquisition by Russia of a new image – “enemy”, the importance of the Russian factor in the transformation of the Ukrainian national idea remains predominant. The factor of the EU and the USA after 2014 increased markedly, as evidenced by the amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine, which fixed the course for full membership in the EU and NATO.
After analyzing the ways and instruments of influence of the leading states on the transformation of the Ukrainian national identity, it will be possible to make a forecast for the further geopolitical dimension of Ukraine.

Inequality and migration are closely intertwined. On the one hand, the economic imbalance between and within countries is a migration driving force. On the other hand, migration affects a person’s social well-being, both at the place of origin and at the destination. Working in a foreign country and partially overcoming financial difficulties, migrants face new problems. Lack of language proficiency, non-recognition of educational documents, employers’ bias, hostility in society and other consequences of moving lead to a decrease in the social status of migrants and generate a new round of inequality. The integration of migrants, their ability to stimulate the development of poorer States and support the economies of host countries will depend on the effectiveness of migration policy and cooperation at the international level.

Agriculture makes up a significant part of the global economy, with 2.5 billion people worldwide dependent on the agricultural sector as the main source of livelihood. The most important place in the global agricultural production industry is occupied by family commodity farms. The socio-economic role of family farms in the development of the agricultural sector is a widely discussed issue. The social significance of farms is determined mainly by their potential to create jobs in rural areas and supply the population with high-quality food. The activity of family farms at present, as well as the economy as a whole, is inextricably linked with the introduction of digital technologies. The digital transformation of the agro–industrial complex is not a prospect of the distant future, but an already existing reality.

The article examines the issues of transport and logistics security of Turkey in the context of geoeconomic interests in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. The article also considers the policy of the ruling “Justice and Development” party in the field of development of local infrastructures, integration processes and prospects of hub strategy as the key in the field of logistics and energy. The current political situation, new challenges and alternatives of Turkey’s geostrategy in the maritime space are assessed. It also evaluates the development of maritime communications in the Eastern Mediterranean space, and the prospects for their development in general.

Special requirements are imposed on the organization of freight transportation by rail today, which is primarily due to the economic situation in the country, since this particular industry occupies a strategic place in the financial and economic block of the activities of many Russian companies. In order to eliminate barriers to ensure an increase in the volume of cargo transportation, JSC Russian Railways is implementing a set of measures to develop the railway infrastructure of the Eastern Polygon. Cargo transportation management in the industry is also put under special control and is aimed at improving the quality of services provided, including reducing the time of cargo transportation, optimal organization of cargo and commercial work.
In the scientific article, the authors present the result of a study of the activities of the transport and warehouse complexes of the Eastern Polygon, in order to develop unified requirements for the arrangement of common areas and the development of unified approaches to the organization, production of loading and unloading operations and the quality of services provided by them. A set of requirements is proposed, according to which it is advisable to assign categories of activity to these structural units depending on the number of points they receive, which will allow them to give a deeper assessment of their activities and thereby implement more effective measures aimed at increasing the level of customer orientation.

The article considers the concept of Space 1520 in historical, technological and geopolitical aspects. The issues of integration of the space covered by the railway gauge of the standard 1520 mm are considered. On the example of Belarus and Mongolia, an analysis of the advantages of the entry of national railways and carrier companies in this Space is given.

The article provides an overview of the practice of application and potential impact of blockchain technology in the field of logistics and supply chain management. The authors analyzed a number of sources to assess the current state and role of blockchain technology in this area. Possible use cases are considered, including pilot projects of organizations from all over the world. Proposals have been developed for further implementation of the technology in the transport logistics system.

A circular economy can be a solution to a global environmental problem. However, despite the large number of advantages, there are barriers that create difficulties in its implementation. Advanced modern technologies can greatly contribute to facilitating the transition to a circular economy. Depending on the way the existing processes are improved, they were divided into three groups. The first group includes digital technologies (digital twin, blockchain, cloud technologies and the Internet of Things) and is associated with the receipt, processing and systematization of information. As the second group, physical technologies (3D printing, robotics and nanotechnologies) were highlighted. They are aimed at optimizing the production process and waste management. The third group includes biotechnologies (bioenergy and bio-based materials), which have significant potential in increasing the productivity and fertility of the land. In addition, an analysis of the main practices of introducing approaches and advanced technologies by companies as part of the transition to the concept of a circular economy was carried out. Companies such as Danone, Unilever, Phillips, Renault and BASF, which are developing strategies to reuse resources in the production chain, were considered. The key stages of introducing new methods into the company’s existing business processes were also emphasized: stage of analysis (of the external and internal environment), strategy formation (clear presentation of results, formation of a methodology and team), preparation for change (informing staff and adjusting existing structures ), monitoring processes (compliance with the plan, intermediate results) and monitoring the achievement of results (achieving the plan and analyzing the results).

The article analyzes one of the entrepreneurial approaches to solving the issue of modernization of transport infrastructure in Russia at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The author examines in detail the history of the joint-stock company for the construction of the Orekhovsky access road. The scientific research uses the materials of official statistics, regulatory legal acts, as well as journalistic publications of those years. The obtained data on the Orekhovsky access road are compared with similar indicators of other jointstock companies. All this made it possible to draw a conclusion about the use of the Company by its founders to provide their enterprises with the most convenient railway line at minimal financial costs.

The article examines the main aspects of the influence of the historical and near-historical policies of the states of post-Soviet Asia on the domestic political life in these sovereign republics. This influence is multifaceted and the theme of memory policy as an integral part of the country’s ideological policy on the part of the official authorities of the countries of the region is in a complex interaction with the use of complex issues of the country’s recent history by various opinion leaders and population groups outside the structures of public administration. Due to the desire of the authorities of the Central Asian countries, civil activists, media (primarily online), NGO structures, historians and publicists to disguise political, opportunistic interest in using historical topics to solve various domestic political problems, many aspects of the process that can be called “memory wars” are hidden from scientific research. The present text is also an attempt to consider the degree of influence of historical politics on the formation of new ideological foundations for the existence of political systems in the republics of the Central Asian region.