The article examines the main trends in the development of the political and economic situation after the presidential elections, the initial actions of M. Sandu, which led to the constitutional and political crisis; analyzes the prospects for resolving the political conflict in the republic in the context of the deteriorating socio-economic situation.

Annotation In this article the author, using different definitions of regionalism and separatism, defines the distinctive features between these terms. The author analyzes the separatist tendencies on examples of disintegration processes in individual EU countries, in Ukraine (Donbass), and in Europe (Brexit).

In the article, the author made an attempt to predict the development of the Baltic region for the next five years, as well as for the long term. Following the course chosen at the stage of the collapse of the USSR, the Baltic countries found themselves in a vicious circle. The bet on the development of economic power through easier access to the rich European market and extensive Euro-Atlantic subsidies did not work. On the contrary, the ruling elites had to pay for integration into the European economy by destroying the Soviet industrial heritage, and neither the countries of Western Europe, let alone the United States, consider it necessary to create a new industrial base.

This article analyzes the activities of state and non-state actors-representatives of the Federal Republic of Germany on the territory of Belarus in the field of politics, economy, military cooperation and the activities of German non-state and non-profit organizations in the Republic of Belarus (RB) over the past decade. It was concluded that in the 2010s, in the Belarusian direction Germany in its policy moved from confrontation to building close ties with Belarus in all areas of interaction. Despite the introduction in the second half of 2020 sanctions against the Belarusian regime, this cooperation continues, which threatens to the Russian Federation’s influence in the Republic of Belarus and in the European part of the post-Soviet space as it is.

In Belarus, there is a state crisis, which the current President A. Lukashenko stubbornly refuses to recognize. Without taking into account the generational change that has taken place during his presidency and the pace of changes in the views of the young generation of Belarusians, he is convinced that it is possible to effectively lead the country with speeches, tough instructions, "landings" of negligent officials and businessmen, regular personnel changes. Such management methods have led to instability in the government, in the entire management structure, to an economic crisis, and most importantly-to the endless postponement of long-overdue reforms and solutions to the most acute problems of the economy and social sphere.

In the article, the authors consider railway communication as the main component of the transport system of Mongolia. In 2010, the Great State Hural approved a program that defines the country's railway policy and implies new vectors in the development of Mongolia's Railways. Since the country's economy is largely connected with the export of mining products, as well as with the import of machinery and equipment, the development of Railways is a priority.

An important role in the formation of the Polish diaspora in Western Siberia was played by the political exile of Polish exiles. The mass exile of Poles dates back to the era of the national liberation movements of the XIX century. However, at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. The voluntary migration of Poles to the east of the empire in search of earnings, income and land also increased. After the revolution of 1905–1907, the exile in a row was resumed. cities of the Tobolsk province of political exiled Poles. At the end of December 1939, a new wave of deportations of Poles, the so-called "osadniks" and their family members began. Since 1942, they began to organize institutions of social protection and guardianship of the children of the repressed Poles. In the summer of 1945, an agreement was signed between Poland and the Soviet Union on the right to renounce Soviet citizenship and evacuate to Poland for persons of Polish and Jewish nationality living in the USSR. To better implement the agreement, a Polish-Soviet Commission on Repatriation was established.

The article considers the reasons for the critical state of higher education in modern Russia. It shows a number of negative phenomena in the organization of education during the reforms of the 90s, which led to a sharp decrease in the requirements for the educational level. It is proved that the current educational system discourages the creative activity of both teachers and students. The rejection of the Russian historical educational code, the essence of which is based on fundamental knowledge and the formation of students ' skills in the independent search for new knowledge, can lead to irreversible negative consequences. The necessity of restoring the educational component of education in its very essence is shown. A number of measures for the revision of the current system of higher education in Russia are proposed, which, in the author's opinion, are urgent.