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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">opnjpsm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Постсоветский материк</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Post–Soviet Continent</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-6412</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт стран СНГ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48137/23116412_2022_4_16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">opnjpsm-56</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЧАСТНЫЕ ВОЕННЫЕ КОМПАНИИ: ПРИЧИНЫ ПОЯВЛЕНИЯ, ОСНОВНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ПРАВОВОЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANIES: REASONS FOR THE APPEARANCE, MAIN FEATURES AND LEGAL STATUS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чжочао</surname><given-names>Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>ZHOCHAO</surname><given-names>Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ЧЖОЧАО Юй – кандидат экономических наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ZHOCHAO Yu – PhD in Economics, Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ylzhcz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грозин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grozin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ГРОЗИН Андрей Валентинович – кандидат исторических наук, заведующий отделом Средней Азии и Казахстана;</p><p>старший научный сотрудник</p><p>141410, Московская обл., г. Химки, пр. Мельникова, д. 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>GROZIN Andrey V. – candidate of historicalSciences, head of Department of Central Asia and Kazakhstan;</p><p>senior researcher</p><p>2/1 Melnikov Ave., Khimki, Moscow region, 141410</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andgrozin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт России, Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии Китайской Академии Общественных наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт стран СНГ;&#13;
Институт востоковедения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the CIS countries;&#13;
Institute of Oriental studies Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чжочао Ю., Грозин А.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чжочао Ю., Грозин А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ZHOCHAO Y., Grozin A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pstmaterik.ru/jour/article/view/56">https://www.pstmaterik.ru/jour/article/view/56</self-uri><abstract><p>Феномен частных военных компаний (ЧВК) – довольно спорная и неоднозначная тема. За последние более чем тридцать лет ЧВК играли все более важную роль в локальных войнах и региональных конфликтах. В настоящей статье речь идет о причинах возникновения ЧВК, анализируются их характеристики и даются правовые оценки. Авторы считают, что ЧВК не только не прекратят свое существование еще долгое время, но, наоборот, будут распространяться в будущем. При этом деятельность ЧВК, по мнению авторов, в максимально возможной степени должна находиться в рамках правового поля.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The phenomenon of private military companies (PMCs) is a rather controversial and ambiguous topic. Over the past more than thirty years, PMCs have played an increasingly important role in local wars and regional conflicts. In this article we are talking about the causes of PMCs, their characteristics are analyzed and legal assessments are given. We believe that PMCs will not only not cease to exist for a long time, but, on the contrary, will spread in the future. At the same time, the activities of PMCs should be, to the maximum extent possible, within the legal framework.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глобализация</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>частные военные компании (ЧВК)</kwd><kwd>наемники</kwd><kwd>локальные войны</kwd><kwd>региональные конфликты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>globalization</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>private military companies (PMCs)</kwd><kwd>mercenaries</kwd><kwd>local wars and regional conflicts</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rebuilding Iraq: Actions Needed to Improve Use of Private Security Providers, United States Government Accountability Office, Report to Congressional Committees. July 2005. GAO-05-737. 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